Abstract    Wireless sensor network a powerful network contains many wireless sensors with limited power resource, data processing, and transmission abilities. Wireless sensor capabilities including computational capacity, radio power, and memory capabilities are much limited. Moreover, to design a hierarchy topology, in addition to energy optimization, find an optimum clusters number and best location of cluster heads are two important issues. Many routing protocols are introduced to discover the optimal routes in order to remove intermediate nodes to reduce the sensors energy consumption. Therefore, for energy consumption optimization in a network, routing protocols and clustering techniques along with composition and aggregation of data are provided. In this paper, to design a hierarchy topology, a hybrid evolutionary approach, a combination of genetic and imperialist competition algorithms is applied. First, the genetic algorithm is applied to achieve an optimal clusters number where all effective network parameters are taken in into account. Aftermath, the optimal positions of cluster heads inside every cluster are calculated utilizing the imperialist approach. Our results show a significant increment in the network lifetime, lower data-packet lost, higher robust routing compared with standard LEACH and the ICA based LEACH.

Keywords    Wireless Sensor Networks, LEACH Algorithm, Genetic Algorithm, Imperialist Competitive Algorithm, Network Lifetime.

چکیده    شبکه‎های حسگر بی‎سیم ازصدهاویاشایدهزارانسنسورباانرژی وتوان پرداز شی محدود تشکیل می شوند. توانایی‎های یک سنسور بی‎سیم شامل توان رادیویی، ظرفیت محاسباتی وحافظه بسیارمحدود می ‎باشد. بنابراین با توجه به این محدودیت‎ها،علاوه بر بهینه‎سازی انرژی مصرفی، یافتن مقدار بهینه خوشه‎ها و مکان سرخوشه‎هااز مهمترین چالش در طراحی یک توپولوژی سلسله مراتبی در شبکه‎های حسگر بی‎سیم است. الگوریتم‎های مسیریابی بسیاری برای یافتن مسیرهای بهینه به هدف حذف گره‎های واسط وکاهش انرژی مصرفی سنسورها معرفی شده‎اند. ازاین رو برای کمینه‎سازی انرژی مصرفی شبکه،پروتکل‎های مسیریابی و تکنیک‎های خوشه‎بندی همراه باادغام وتجمیع داده‎ها فراهم شده است. دراین مقاله برای طراحی یک توپولوژی سلسله مراتبی، یک الگوریتم تکاملی ترکیبی شامل الگوریتم ژنتیک والگوریتم رقابت استعماری بهره گرفته شده است. ابتدا با استفاده از یک تابع هزینه که تمامی پارامترهای شبکه در بر می گیرد، به کمک الگوریتم ژنتیک تعدادب هینه خوشه‎ها معین شده وسپس بااستفاده ازالگوریتم رقابت استعماری مکان بهینه سرخوشه برای تمامی آنان محاسبه می‎شود. نتایج حاصل هافزایش بسیار مطلوب طول عمر شبکه،کاهش تعداد بسته‎های گمشده وافزایش اطمینان الگوریتم‎های مسیریابی در مقایسه باالگوریتم‎های LEACHوLEACH- ICA را نشان می‎دهد.

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